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Affiliations 1 author 1. Share this article Share with email Share with twitter Share with linkedin Share with facebook. Abstract Energy drinks are attractive and readily available in every grocery store and gas station. While most youth verbalize an understanding that too much caffeine is bad for one's health, at an age of multiple demands, an over-the-counter offer of increased energy and alertness is hard to ignore. What makes energy drinks different from regular coffee? Although the heavily caffeinated drinks promise increased energy and stamina and are loaded with healthy natural ingredients, excessive consumption is of concern on many levels.
This article will discuss some of the effects of excessive caffeine, as well as risks associated with energy drinks mixed with alcohol.
Full text links Read article at publisher's site DOI : References Articles referenced by this article 8 Title not supplied American Caffeine withdrawal, sleepiness, and driving performance: what does the research really tell us? Energy beverages: content and safety. The psychology and neurobiology of addiction: an incentive-sensitization view. Health effects of energy drinks on children, adolescents, and young adults. Title not supplied Stahl Risks of alcoholic energy drinks for youth.
A thematic content analysis of how marketers promote energy drinks on digital platforms to young Australians. Exposure to digital marketing enhances young adults' interest in energy drinks: An exploratory investigation. Energy drink consumption and associated health behaviors among university students in an urban setting.
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Skip to content The Nutrition Source. Harvard T. The Nutrition Source Menu. Search for:. Energy Drinks and Health Sipping a beverage that offers quick energy may appeal to people who feel fatigued or who believe the caffeine can provide an edge when exercising or playing competitive sports.
Special concerns with energy drinks: Amplified negative health effects in adolescents. Children and teens may experience heightened effects from the high amounts of caffeine, added sugars including high fructose corn syrup, low-calorie sweeteners , and herbal stimulants, partly due to their smaller body size. Youth are attracted to energy drinks due to effective marketing, influence from peers, and lack of knowledge about their potential harmful effects. Emerging evidence has linked energy drink consumption with negative health consequences in youth like risk-seeking behaviors, poor mental health, adverse cardiovascular effects, and metabolic, renal, or dental problems.
Too much caffeine from any beverage, particularly when several are taken in one day in sensitive individuals, can lead to anxiety, insomnia, heart problems like irregular heartbeat and elevated blood pressure, and in rare cases seizures or cardiac arrest. Some energy drinks may contain as much as mg per can the amount in 14 cans of cola. Because of the excessive sugar content in some energy drinks, they carry the same health risks associated with other sugar-sweetened beverages.
See Sugary Drinks. Dangers with alcohol. A greater danger is introduced if energy drinks are combined with alcohol, a trend largely seen in underage drinkers and associated with binge drinking.
Studies suggest that drinking this type of cocktail leads to a greater alcohol intake than if just drinking alcohol alone. This may be because energy drinks increase alertness that masks the signs of inebriation, leading one to believe they can consume even more alcohol. The Food and Drug Administration FDA does not regulate energy drinks but enforces a caffeine limit of 71 mg per 12 ounces of soda; energy drinks typically contain about mg per 12 ounces.
However, energy drink manufacturers may choose to classify their product as a supplement to sidestep the caffeine limit. For companies that classify their energy drinks as beverages, the American Beverage Association published voluntary guidelines that advise accurate listings of caffeine content, restriction of marketing to children, and reporting of adverse events to the FDA.
However, compliance to these guidelines has been found to be low. Caffeine is the primary ingredient in energy drinks shown in adults to enhance physical performance by increasing endurance and strength, improving reaction time, and delaying fatigue, though the effects are highly variable among persons.
There is a risk of caffeine abuse or toxicity in youth, so the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends a limit of less than mg caffeine daily for ages years. However, other ingredients in these drinks require more study to demonstrate their safety and effects on performance. ISSN cautioned that higher-calorie energy drinks can lead to weight gain, and that their high glycemic load could negatively affect blood glucose and insulin levels.
They discouraged use of energy drinks for children and adolescents unless under careful parental monitoring, and for people with diabetes or cardiovascular disease who could be negatively affected by the stimulant ingredients. Caffeine Caffeine is naturally found in the fruit, leaves, and beans of coffee, cacao, and guarana plants. It is also added to beverages and supplements. Learn about sources of caffeine, and a review of the research on this stimulant and health.
Front Public Health. Risk assessment of energy drinks with focus on cardiovascular parameters and energy drink consumption in Europe. Food and Chemical Toxicology.
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